Therefore, island conservation and restoration have become a worldwide concern. In recent decades, the oceanic island ecosystems have been undergoing degradation due to serious anthropogenic disturbance, alien species invasion, and global climate changes. However, oceanic island ecosystems have unique vulnerabilities due to their special geographical location, isolation, limited area, and other inherent factors. Oceanic islands are vital to the maintenance of biodiversity of the oceanic ecosystem because they serve as transfer stations for migrant birds and marine mammals, and have a great contribution to freshwater protection and local climate regulation. These results suggest that the wetland and forest habitats on the focal island are key important for migrant birds and resident birds respectively, and therefore much more attention should be paid to conservation of the focal island ecosystems. sula, and most of the resident birds, become locally extinct. The loss of wetlands and forests will result in a sharp reduction of species richness, and even make the S. Forests and grasslands were species hub and connector respectively, and forests were also the key habitat for residents. ![]() Integrated topological and network analysis showed that wetlands had a high contribution to species diversity and network structure, and it was a cluster center of migrant birds. The bird–habitat network had high nestedness, and bird species showed obvious clustering distribution. ![]() In addition to the thousands of Sula sula (a large-sized arboreal seabird) inhabiting the forests, there were 56 other bird species were recorded, representing 23 families and 12 orders, ranging in habitats of wetlands, forests, shrublands, grasslands, and/or beaches. According to a 2-year investigation on Dong Island of the Paracel Islands, South China Sea, we assessed the roles of different habitats at the species level and community level of birds using topological and network analysis. Understanding how island ecosystems change across habitats is a major challenge in ecological conservation under the conditions of habitat degradation.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |